Structure and Working of a Thermal Power Plant

The different sections of a Thermal Power Plant:-
1. Coal Handling Plant
2. Pulverising Unit
3. Boiler
4. Turbine
5. Generator
6. Chimney
7. Water Treatment Plant
8. Transformer
9. Control Room

Coal Handling Plant:-
Raw coal via trains ----> Wagon Trippler ----> Vibrators ----> Crush house (6mm*6mm) ----> Stock Yard
Boilers <---- Coal mills <----- Raw coal feeder <---- Bunkers <--|


Pulverising Unit:-

In modern Thermal Plants coal is Pulverised i.e. ground to dust like size and carried to the Furnace in a steam of hot air.

Boiler:-
Boiler is a place the water is being converted into steam with burning of coal.

Turbine:-
Turbine is a machine in which a shaft is rotated steadily by the impact or reaction of current or steam of working substance.
It convert the PE or KE of the substance into Mechanical Energy by the virtue of dynamic action of working substance.

Generator:-
Generator is a machine which converts mechanical energy into electrical.

Economiser:-
Flue gases coming out of the boiler carries a lot of heat.An Economiser extracts some part of heat from these flue gases and transfer it to the boiling water and thus improves the efficiency of plant.

Cooling Tower:-
A cooling tower has a reservoir at the bottom for the storage of cooled water.Warm water is feed from the top and flows to the bottom.The falling water loose its heat and get cooled.

Water Treatment Plant:-
The principle problem of high pressure boilers are corrosion and steam impurities.To remove these impurities water treatment plants are used.

Control Room:-
In control room various controls are provided simultaneously various measurements are made and relays are provided.Automatic control is provided for combustion,for feed water regulation and reheat temp.

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Thermal Power Plants